DEVOPSdigest

One of the counter-attacks against COVID-19 has been through technology, with many countries rolling out contact tracing apps. It is always a bit of a worry when apps are built quickly, and these contact tracing apps are having to be rolled out in record time. It's a nightmare for developers, security people, and government agencies. So, is mistrust a valid reaction?

Start with COVID-19 Contact Tracing: What's the Secure Coding Situation? - Part 1

Some Apps Are Already Showing Signs of Simple Errors That Cause Complex Weaknesses

Australian software engineer Geoffrey Huntley(link is external) has been studying the source code of COVIDSafe, and sadly, there are issues that are not necessarily being highlighted to us, the end-users.

One critical example was a privacy-breaching logic error that would allow an attacker to perform long-term tracking of devices; something that poses an enormous amount of risk for vulnerable users, not to mention it contravenes the Privacy Policy of the app itself.
It's important to note that these logic vulnerabilities have been patched as of May 14th, but the more pressing issue is that this was left unpatched, in the wild, for 17 days after Mr. Huntley reported it. He and other members of the awesome security community are tracking CVEs relating to the COVIDSafe app here(link is external).

One thing Huntley points out, post-patch, is that even the fix shows signs of, well, incompetence. In his public log(link is external), he notes the patch involved adding logic rather than simply deleting a flawed cache, with the latter being a far more robust remedy. Both work, but the live solution lacks finesse — a concern with such an important application.

Although we have diligent members of society using their own time and expertise to pore through source code and highlight issues, their job is made much harder than if the code was open source in the first place. As it stands, 28 apps(link is external) are still closed off to security researchers.

Secure Coding Continues to Trip Us Up at the Finish Line

While I can certainly sympathize with overworked developers — as well as the highly unusual situation of having to churn out a life-saving app in the midst of a pandemic — the above should highlight that a few simple vulnerabilities in what is essentially a communal codebase could spell significant issues for millions of users.

I'd like to think most people want to be good citizens, support the app, and give everyone the best possible chance of contact tracing and controlling outbreaks of this horrific virus. I too am in support of technology that can help achieve this, but in many ways, this has unearthed the general lack of secure coding principles inherent in developers all over the world.

In any situation where software has to be written quickly, mistakes are not exactly unexpected. However, common security vulnerabilities like logic flaws, misconfigurations, and code injection errors should be something that can be prevented as code is written, not after volunteer white hats pick the codebase apart.

And it's not the developers' fault, by the way. They leave their tertiary education with little skills in secure coding, and in their careers, their KPIs almost always relate to feature functionality and speed of delivery — the security part is for someone else to deal with once they're done. We need to get to an end-state of secure coding at speed, and while now is not the time to make seismic culture shifts in the departments building these apps, it's a timely reminder that our digital risk area is expanding, and they are in pole position to make a difference if they're given the tools and knowledge to share the responsibility for security best practices.

Is It Safe to Download the App?

Here's the thing: for me, a security guy, I've come to the conclusion that the benefits of the app outweigh the issues. It's not ideal that the above vulnerabilities are — or have been — present in this software, but the implications of these being weaponized are worst-case scenarios. At the moment, contact tracing is a vital component of assisting our medical heroes all around the world in controlling the spread, stemming the flow of hospital admissions, and keeping each other as safe as possible.

It serves to highlight that we have a long way to go when it comes to enacting security best practices by default in a software build, and it's important the public does have the information needed to make informed decisions.

My family and I will continue to use it, though we remain vigilant with staying up-to-date with our Android patches, as we all should.